Red chilies cultivation In Hydroponics – Greenhouse is a structure of the building with the environment is covered by a transparent material (opaque) with solar radiation for plant growth. The goal of planting in the greenhouse is to protect plants from natural conditions such as sunlight, temperature, moisture, wind rain snow and others which are not profitable and therefore cover greenhouse originally composed of glass.
In Indonesia more environmental conditions for plant growth when compared with the cabin in sub-tropical regions so that the primary purpose of the use of a greenhouse is to protect plants from exposure to rain, pests and diseases in plants grown with hydroponic systems. In General, this system was worked on planting species of plants with economic potential is important so as to meet the quality of export.
Presently roofing materials for a green house not just glued to the glass only. One of the is to match the needs of crops against climate, especially sunlight. The ingredients are often used as roofs and walls, among others, glass, plastic, parent, asbestos, and zinc. Greenhouse with a plastic cover is currently more found in Indonesia. Judging from the condition of the climate and its purpose, the use of synthetic materials tend to be more suitable for applied especially to commodities export.
Some of the advantages of hydroponics system of cultivation among others are: (1) the density of plants per unit area can be multiplied so as to conserve land use; (2) product quality (shape, size, taste, color, cleanliness/hygiene) can be guaranteed because the nutrient needs of the plants supplied are under control in the greenhouse; (3) not depending on the season/time of planting and harvesting can be set according to the needs of the market.
There are 6 (six) basic types of hydroponic system, namely: Wick system, Water Culture System, the Ebb and Flow system, the Drip System, NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) and Aeroponics. On the system recovery, use of fertilizer and water more efficiently because the solution flows out of the container will be used again while on a non-recovery system which is not the case. Hydroponics can be distinguished from the type of media used for the standing plants. The media is usually free of nutrient elements (sterile) while it is a required nutrient elements supply the plant being supplied into the media through pipes or manually. The planting medium can be either gravel, sand, charcoal, Cork, zeolite, or without aggregated media (only water).
Drip irrigation (drip irrigation) is very much used nowadays because it is considered more efficient in saving water and fertilizer. In this system, the water given drops for the sake falls according to the needs of the plants so that the little water is wasted. Although the equipment for this system is somewhat complicated and costly, but the results obtained and the benefits are much greater and can repeatedly be used.
Cropping is a real media that can support growth and plant life that meets some of the requirements include: can be the beachhead of plants; Unable to bind water and nutrient elements needed for growth, has excellent drainage and aeration, can retain moisture area roots, not a source of the disease, it is not easy to be rotted and easily obtainable and the price is relatively cheap.
The difference in plant growth medium chili pepper grown in the greenhouse effect to the total leaf nutrient as reported by Padem, Alan (2006) that the content of NPKCa and Mg increased significantly because leaves grow media, where peat medium delivers the highest when compared to soil, perlite, sand and pumice.
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